Q Which of the following are signs of inadequate facemask ventilation in general anesthesia?
a) Insufficient chest wall movements
b) Audible signs of airway obstruction or gastric distension
c) Decreasing saturation
d) Bradycardia, Hypotension
Answer d
Difficult airway ventilation is defined when positive pressure ventilation by unassisted anesthesiologist fails to maintain oxygen saturation above 90% or the ventilation effort fails to prevent or reverse the signs of inadequate gas exchange
The various signs are
1. Insufficient or Absent chest movement
2. Absent or Inadequate breath sounds
3. Audible signs of airway obstruction, gastric insufflation or gastric dilatation
4. Cyanosis
5. Decreasing Saturation
6. Elevated end tidal carbon dioxide
7. Consequences of hypercarbia or Hypoxia like tachycardia, Hypertension, Arrythmias